10Th Public Question Paper And Answer Key | Government Supplementary Exam Question Papers and Answer Keys

 Govt. Supplementary Exam - August 2022

10^th Science

Time Allowed: 3.00 Hrs                                                                             Maximum Marks: 75

Instruction:      (1)    Check the question paper for fairness of printing.
If there is any lack of fairness, inform the Hall Supervisor immediately.

                         (2)    Use Blue or Black ink to write and underline and pencil to draw diagrams

Note:  This question paper contains four Parts.

 

PART - I

Note:    (i)    Answer all the questions.                               14 x 1 = 14

              (ii) Choose the most appropriate answer from the given four alternatives and write the option code and the corresponding answer.

1.     To project the rockets which of the following principle(s) is/ (are) required?

        (a) Newton’s Third Law of Motion

        (b) Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

        (c) Law of Conservation of Linear Momentum

        (d) Both (a) and (c)

 

2.     The gram molecular mass of oxygen is:

        (a) 16 g

        (b) 18g

        (c) 32 g

        (d) 17 g

 

3.     ___________ is an important metal to form amalgam.

        (a) Ag

        (b) Hg

        (c) Mg

        (d) Al

 

4.     Kilowatt hour is the unit of:

        (a) Resistivity

        (b) Conductivity

        (c) Electrical energy

        (d) Electrical power

 

5.     The number of periods and groups in the periodic table are ________

        (a) 6, 16

        (b) 7, 17

        (c) 8, 18

        (d) 7, 18

 

6.     During transpiration, there is loss of :

        (a) Carbon dioxide

        (b) Oxygen

        (c) Water

        (d) Carbon monoxide

 

7.     Which one of the following hormones is naturally not found in plants?
        (a) 2, 4-D

        (b) GA3

        (c) Gibberellin

        (d) IAA

 

8.     World ‘No Tobacco Day’ is observed on :

        (a) May 31

        (b) June 6

        (c) April 22

        (d) October 2

 

9.     Which of the following is/are a fossil fuel?

        (i) Tar

        (ii) Coal

        (iii) Petroleum

        (a) (i) only

        (b) (i) and (ii) only

        (c) (ii) and (iii) only

        (d) All of the above

 

10.   Identify the exocrine gland.

        (a) Pituitary gland

        (b) Adrenal gland

        (c) Salivary gland

        (d) Thyroid gland

 

11.   The endarch condition is the special characteristic feature of :

        (a) Root

        (b) Stem

        (c) Leaves

        (d) Flower

 

12.   The heart of fishes possess _________ chambers.

        (a) 3

        (b) 4

        (c) 2

        (d) 5

 

PART - II

Note : Answer any seven questions. Question no. 22 is compulsory.                              7x2=14

13.   Classify the types of force based on their application.  [Unit 1]

        Ans :

Based on the direction force can be classified into two types as :

a) Like parallel forces

b) Unlike parallel forces.

14.   State Snell’s Law. [Unit 2]

        Ans :

• The ratio of sine of the angle of incidence and sine of the angle of refraction  is equal to the ratio of refractive indices of the two media.

15.   Define one Calorie. [Unit 3]

        Ans :

• The amount of heat energy required to rise the temperature of 1 g of water through 1ºC is defined as one calorie.

16.   Classify the following substances into deliquescent, hygroscopic. [Unit 9]

        (a) Conc. Sulphuric acid

        (b) Copper Sulphate Penta hydrate

        (c) Silica gel

        (d) Calcium Chloride

        (e) Gypsum Salt

        Ans :

	Deliquescent
Conc. Sulphuric acid	Calcium chloride
Silica gel
Copper sulphate penta hydrate and Gypsum salt are common hydrated salts. When dehydrated condition it will act as a hygroscopic substances.

17.   Why fossil fuels are to be conserved? [Unit 22]

        Ans :

• The coal and petroleum reserves can get exhausted if we continue using them at a rapid rate. 
• The formation of these fossil fuels is a very slow process and takes very long period of time for renewal.

18.   Identify the parts A, B, C and D. [Unit 17]      

        Ans :

      A - Exine

B - Intine

C - Generative cell

D - Vegetative nucleus.             

19.   What do you understand by the term Phenotype and Genotype? [Unit 18]

        Ans :

Phenotype	Genotype
External expression of a particular character  Eg. Tall	Genetic expression of an organism’s particular character. Eg. TT genetic nature of Tallness

20.   Why are thyroid hormones referred as ‘personality hormone’? [Unit 16]

        Ans :

• Thyroid hormone is essential for normal physical mental and personality development. 

21.   Why is the colour of the blood red? [Unit 14]

        Ans :

• Presence of haemoglobin in red blood cells

22.   A person with myopia can see objects placed at a distance of 4 m. If he wants to see objects at a distance of 20 m, what should be the focal length and power of the concave lens he must wear? [Unit 2]

        Ans :

    

 
PART - III

Note : Answer any seven questions. Question no. 32 is compulsory.                              7x4=28

23.   Differentiate the eye defects: Myopia and Hypermetropia. [Unit 2]

        Ans :

Myopia		Hypermetropia
1	Myopia is short sightedness. It is due to the lengthening of eye ball.	1	It is long sightedness. It is due to the shortening of eye ball.
2	Nearby objects can be seen clearly.	2	Distant objects can be seen clearly
3	Distant objects cannot be seen clearly.	3	Nearby objects cannot be seen clearly.
4	Focal length of eye lens is reduced	4	Focal length of eye lens is increased.
5	Image of distant objects are formed before retina	5	Image of nearby objects are formed behind retina.
6	To correct myopia, concave lens is used	6	Convex lens is used.

24.   Describe Rocket Propulsion. [Unit 1]

        Ans :

        Rocket propulsion : 

1. Propulsion of rockets is based on the Law of conservation of linear momentum and Newton’s III law of motion.
2. Rockets are filled with a fuel in the propellant tank.
3. When the rocket is fired, the fuel is burnt and a hot gas is ejected with a high speed from the nozzle of the rocket.
4. An equal and opposite reaction force is produced in the combustion chamber, which makes the rocket project forward.
5. In motion, the mass of the rocket slowly decreases, until the fuel is completely burnt out.
6. There is no net external force acting on it, so the linear momentum of the system is conserved.
7. The mass of the rocket decreases with altitude, It results in a slow increase in velocity of the rocket.
8. It reaches a velocity, which is just enough to escape from the gravitational pull of the Earth. This velocity is called escape velocity.

25.   Write any four features of natural and artificial radiation. [Unit 6]

        Ans :

Natural Radioactivity.		Artificial Radioactivity.
1	It takes place on its own in nature.	It is induced by man
2	Spontaneous process	Induced process
3	Cannot be controlled.	Can be controlled.
4	, β, γ radiations are emitted	neutron, positron, γ are emitted

26.   Differentiate reversible and irreversible reactions. [Unit 10]

        Ans :

Reversible reaction		Irreversible reaction
1	Can be reversed under suitable conditions.	Can not be reversed.
2	Both forward and backward reactions take place simultaneously	Unidirectional. Proceeds only in forward direction.
3	Equilibrium is attained.	Equilibrium is not attained.
4	Reactants cannot be converted completely into products.	Reactants can be completely converted into products.
5	Relatively slow	Fast.

27.   What happens when the salt MgSO₄.7H₂O is heated? Write the equation. [Unit 9]

        Ans :

• When MgSO4. 7H2O is heated it loses seven water molecules and becomes anhydrous magnesium sulphate.
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28.   (i)  What is respiratory quotient? [Unit 12]

        Ans :

• Respiratory quotient is the ratio of volume of carbondioxide  liberated, and the volume of oxygen consumed during respiration.
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        (ii) What are the factors affecting photosynthesis? [Unit 12]

        Ans :

a) Internal Factors :

i) Pigments 

                ii) Leaf age

                iii) Accumulation of carbohydrates 

                iv) Hormones

b) External Factors :

i) Light  

                ii) Carbon dioxide   

                iii) Temperature  

                iv) Water   

                v) Mineral elements

29.   Differentiate Aerobic and Anaerobic respiration. [Unit 12]

        Ans :

Aerobic Respiration		Anaerobic Respiration
1	Organic food is completely oxidised with the help of oxygen.	Organic food is broken down in the absence of oxygen.
2	Glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide, water.	Glucose is converted into ethanol or lactate.
3	Lot of energy is produced	Very small quantity of energy is produced
4	It is a complex process.	It is a simpler process.
5	Example : Higher plants	Example : Bacteria and yeast
6	C6H12O6+6O2à 6CO2 + 6H2O + (ATP)	C6H12O6 à 2CO2 + 2C2H5OH + (ATP)

30.   What are the contributing factors for obesity? [Unit 21]

        Ans :

• Genetic factors
•  Physical inactivity
•  Overeating
• Endocrine factors

31.   Define Ethnobotany and write its importance. [Unit 19]

        Ans :

Ethnobotany :  

• Ethnobotany is the study of a region’s plants and their practical uses through the traditional knowledge of the local culture of people.

Importance of Ethnobotany :

•  It provides traditional uses of plant.
• It gives information about certain known and unknown useful plants.
• Tribal communities utilize echnomedicinal plant parts to treat disease.

32.   Calculate the resistance of a conductor through which a current of 2 A passes, when the potential difference between its ends is 30 V. [Unit 4]

        Ans :

• Current through the conductor I = 2 A,
• Potential Difference V = 30 V
• From Ohm’s Law : R =  V/I
• Therefore, R = 30/2 = 15Ω 

PART - IV

Note : Answer all the questions. Draw diagrams wherever necessary.                            3x7=21

33.   (a) (i) Define inertia. [Unit 1]

             (ii) Explain the types of inertia with examples. [Unit 1]

        Ans :

• The inherent property of a body to resist any change in its state of rest or the state of uniform motion, unless it is influenced upon by an external unbalanced force is called inertia.

Types of inertia : 

a) Inertia of rest

b) Inertia of motion

c) Inertia of direction

OR

        (b) State Newton’s Laws of Motion. [Unit 1]

        Ans :

        1.   First law :

• Every body continuous to be in its state of rest or state of uniform motion along a straight line unless it is acted upon by some external force.

        2.   Second law :

• The force acting on a body is directly proportional to the rate of change of linear momentum of the body.
• Change in momentum takes place in the direction of the force. F = ma

        3. Third law :

• For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. They always act on two different bodies.   FA = -FB

34. (a) (i) Define Relative Atomic Mass. [Unit 7]

        Ans :   

• Relative atomic mass of an element is the ratio between the average mass of its isotopes to 1/12th  part of the mass of a carbon - 12 atom.
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        (ii) Define Atomicity. [Unit 7]

        Ans :   

• The number of atoms present in one molecule is called its atomicity.
• eg: Atomicity of hydrogen in H2 molecule is 2.

    

    (iii) Give any two examples for heterodiatomic molecules. [Unit 7]

        Ans :   

• Example for heterodiatomic molecules are (1) Hydrogen Chloride (HCl),(2) Carbon Monoxide (CO)

OR

        (b) Give the salient features of “Modern atomic theory”. [Unit 7]

        Ans :   

1. An atom is no longer indivisible.
2. Atoms of the same element may have different atomic mass (Isotopes).
3. Atoms of different elements may have same atomic masses (Isobars).
4. Atoms of one element can be transmuted into atoms of other elements by artificial transmutation ie. atoms is no longer indestructible. 
5. Atoms may not always combine in a simple whole number ratio.
6. Atom is the smallest particle that takes part in a chemical reaction.
7. The mass of an atom can be converted into energy. (E= mc2).

35.   (a)  (i) What is transpiration? [Unit 14]

              (ii) Give the importance of transpiration. [Unit 14]

        Ans :   

• Definition - Evaporation of water in plants through stomata in the leaves is called transpiration.
• Stomata - They are opening in the leaves, remain open in the day and remain closed at night.

Importance of Transpiration :

• Creates transpirational pull for transport of water
• Supplies water for photosynthesis
• Transports minerals from soil to all parts of the plant
• Cools the surface of leaves by evaporation.
• Keeps the cells turgid; hence, maintain their shape.

OR

        (b) (i) List the functions of blood. [Unit 14]

         Ans :      

       Functions:

• Transport of respiratory gases (Oxygen and CO₂).
• Transport of digested food materials to the different body cells.
• It is involved in respiration of the body and defence against diseases.
• It acts as buffer and also helps in regulation of pH and body temperature.
• It maintains proper water balance in the body.

      

(ii) Draw the pictures of Granulocytes. [Unit 14]

         Ans :      

    I.  Granulocytes:

• Leukocytes contains granules in their cytoplasm. hence they are called as granulocytes.

    They are

    i)    Neutrophils

• Their numbers are increased during infection and inflammation.

    ii) Eosinophils :

• Their number increases during allergy and parasitic infections.
• It brings about detoxification of toxins.

    iii)  Basophils : They are involved in inflammation.

 

    II.  Agranulocytes - Granules are not found in the cytoplasm of WBC hence called as agranulocytes.

    i)    Lymphocytes:

• They produce antibodies during infection.

    ii)   Mono cytes :

• They are phagocytic and can engulf bacteria.

 

- oOo